Views: 0 Author: XDLASER Publish Time: 2022-02-06 Origin: XDLASER
Laser welding machine is an equipment used for welding metal materials. It can be divided into handheld fiber laser welding machine, laser spot welding machine and automatic laser welding machine according to the welding mode. So what materials can laser welding machine weld?
1. Carbon steel
Carbon steel is a very common metal material, which is widely used in all parts of life. Carbon steel is welded with laser welding machine, which has better effect, and the impurity content determines the welding quality. In order to ensure the welding quality, preheating is required when the carbon content exceeds 0.25%. When welding steel with different carbon content, the welding gun can be slightly shifted to the side of low-carbon material to ensure the quality of the joint. Because the heating speed and cooling speed of laser welding machine are very fast, when welding carbon steel, the welding crack and notch sensitivity will increase with the increase of carbon content. Both medium and high carbon steel and ordinary alloy steel can be well welded by laser, but preheating and post weld treatment are needed to eliminate stress and avoid cracks.
2. Stainless steel
Stainless steel welding is easier to obtain high-quality joints than conventional welding. Due to the high welding speed and small heat affected zone of laser welding, the overheating phenomenon and the adverse effect of large linear expansion coefficient during stainless steel welding are reduced, and the weld has no defects such as pores and inclusions. Compared with carbon steel, stainless steel is easier to obtain deep penetration narrow weld because of its low thermal conductivity, high energy absorption and melting efficiency. By welding thin plates with low-power laser, joints with good appearance and smooth and beautiful weld can be obtained.
3. Copper and copper alloy
The welding of copper and copper alloy is prone to the problems of incomplete fusion and incomplete penetration. The heat source with concentrated energy and high power shall be adopted, and preheating measures shall be taken; When the thickness of the workpiece is thin or the structural stiffness is small and there are no measures to prevent deformation, it is easy to produce large deformation after welding. When the welded joint is constrained by large stiffness, it is easy to produce welding stress; It is easy to produce thermal cracks when welding copper and copper alloys; Porosity is a common defect in copper and copper alloy welding.
4. Aluminum alloy
The biggest difficulty of laser welding aluminum sheet and aluminum sheet is its high reflectivity to laser beam. Aluminum is a good conductor of heat and electricity. The high density of free electrons makes it a good reflector of light. The reflectivity of the initial surface exceeds 90%, that is, deep penetration welding must start with less than 10% of the input energy, which requires high input power to ensure the necessary power density at the beginning of welding.
5. Low alloy high strength steel
As long as appropriate welding parameters are selected, laser welding of low alloy high strength steel can obtain joints equivalent to the mechanical properties of base metal. Hy-130 steel is a typical low-alloy high-strength steel after quenching and tempering treatment, which has high strength and high crack resistance. With conventional welding methods, the weld and HAZ structure are a mixture of coarse grain and some fine original structures. The toughness and crack disturbance of the joint are much worse than that of the base metal, and the weld and HAZ metal structure are particularly sensitive to cold cracks in the as welded state.
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